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铅（Pb）与镉（Cd）是土壤中常见的有害重金属污染物，其中Cd是毒性最强、污染最为严重的重金属元素之一，在自然界往往与Pb伴随出现。Pb与Cd极易蓄积于土壤，难以彻底清除，并可沿食物链“生物放大”引起健康危害。为评估不同种质藜蒿资源修复Pb与Cd污染土壤的潜力，以江汉大学汉南基地种植的78个藜蒿种质资源为材料，通过石墨消解-石墨炉原子吸收光度法来消解，检测其茎叶和根部中重金属Pb与Cd的含量，并加以对比与分析，筛选黎蒿重金属超富集种质和不富集种质，以期通过植物修复技术降低土壤中Pb与Cd污染。研究结果显示：15号种质的根部中重金属Pb与Cd含量均最高，分别达到了0.508、0.293 mg/kg；而6、7、9、67、75号等5个种质茎叶和根部中Pb含量均≤0.02，其含量仅为蔬菜食用标准的1/10。生物富集系数（biological concentration factor,BCF）与转移系数（biological transfer factor,BTF）的评价结果表明：15号种质根部中Pb与Cd的BCF分别达到了0.047、1.067，说明该种质Pb与Cd的富集能力最强；而28号种质茎叶对Pb与Cd的转移能力最强，其BTF分别为4.43与5.31。因此，15号种质的根部与28号种质的茎叶对重金属Pb有一定的富集能力，但对Cd有很强的富集作用，可尝试用于修复重金属Cd污染的研究。
Abstract：Lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) are common harmful heavy metal pollutants in soil. Cd is one of the most toxic and polluted heavy metal elements,which often occurs with Pb in nature. Pb and Cd are easy to accumulate in the soil,difficult to remove completely,and can cause health hazards along the food chain ″bio-amplification″. To evaluate the potential of different germplasm of Artemisia selengensis on the restoration of Pb,Cd contaminated soil,this study took 78 germplasm resources of Artemisia selengensis in Jianghan University Hannan Planting Base for the material,through the graphite digestion-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry to digestion,tested its heavy metal Pb and Cd contents on the above-ground and below-ground part,contrasted and analyzed. In order to reduce soil heavy metal pollution by phytoremediation technology,we screened the heavy metal super-enriched species and non-enriched species of Artemisia selengensis. The results showed that the contents of Pb and Cd in the below-ground part of No.15 germplasm were the highest,reaching 0. 508 and 0. 293 mg/kg,respectively. The contents of Pb in the aboveground and below-ground parts of No.6,No.7,No.9,No.67,and No.75 germplasm were all no greater than 0. 02,which was 1/10 of the edible standard of vegetables. The evaluating results of bio-concentration factor(BCF)and bio-transfer factor(BTF)showed that the BCF of Pb and Cd in the below-ground part of No. 15 germplasm reached 0. 047 and1. 067,respectively,which had the best enrichment ability for Pb and Cd. The aboveground part of No.28 germplasm had the strongest transfer ability to Pb and Cd,with BTF of 4. 43 and 5. 31,respectively. Therefore,the below-ground part of No. 15 germplasm and the above-ground part of No. 28 germplasm had some enrichment of Pb and strong enrichment of Cd,which could be tried to use for the remediation of heavy metal Cd pollution.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2023.03.002
中图分类号:X173;X53
引用信息:
[1]鲁金春子,雷子元,王宇航等.不同藜蒿种质对重金属铅、镉富集能力的比较分析[J].江汉大学学报(自然科学版),2023,51(03):19-28.DOI:10.16389/j.cnki.cn42-1737/n.2023.03.002.
基金信息:
湖北省重点研发计划资助项目（2022BBA0064,2021BBA097）