江汉大学学报（自然科学版）

目的:探讨孕妇指导性营养膳食方案对孕妇自身健康及新生儿生长发育的影响。方法:将围产期保健的812名孕妇随机分为两组,一组为孕妇营养指导组,另一组为自由进食组。根据中国居民孕中期膳食营养素推荐摄入量(RNI)为标准,利用营养分析软件对两组孕妇孕中、晚期摄入的食物种类和数量进行统计分析;测定孕妇孕中、晚期的血红蛋白含量,对812例孕妇的生产方式、术后并发症、新生儿体重、新生儿并发症等进行统计分析。结果:实验组孕妇在孕中、晚期摄取食物的营养素均能达到RNI的90%以上,而对照组孕妇孕中、晚期热能、蛋白质均未达到80%,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组微量元素钙、铁、锌、碘供给不足,尤其钙供给严重不足,两组比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组孕妇孕中、晚期血红蛋白含量均明显高于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组的剖宫产、产后出血、巨大儿和低体重儿例数均明显低于对照组,其差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:制定合理全面的营养膳食方案,可保证孕妇充足的营养和平衡合理的膳食结构,有利于母子健康。将其列入围产保健内容具有重要意义。

Objective:To study the influence of guiding nutritious meal plan for pregnant wom en health and growth of the newborns.Methods:The perinatal care 812 pregnant women were ran domly divided into two groups.One group of pregnant women was nutritious guidance group,the other was free food group.According to the Chinese Residents Reference Nutrients Intake(RNI)for the standard,with nutritional analysis software to inquire and analyze the two groups of pregnant women's intake of food type and quantity in the interim and late period of pregnancy;The hemoglo bin content of pregnant women were detected in the interim and late period of pregnancy.812 cases of pregnant women production methods,the postoperative complications,birth weight in babies and complications were inquired and analyzed.Results:The treatment group women in the interim and late period of pregnancy,absorb food nutrients,all could reach more than 90 % of the RNI;the control group in interim and late period,the heat energy,protein failed to meet 80 %;the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).In the treatment group,trace element calcium,iron,zinc and iodine supply,particularly calcium were serious shortage;the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The hemoglobin content of the treatment group in the interim and late period of pregnancy were significantly higher than those in the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The treatment group's cesarean delivery,postpartum hemorrhage,great son and low birth weight number were significantly lower than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Formulating rational overall nutritional meals scheme can ensure that the pregnant women have enough nutrition and balance prandial structure,it will be helpful for health of the mother.Includes it in the perinatal care content will have important meaning.