江汉大学学报（自然科学版）

为明确影响沿淮地区小麦抗倒伏能力形成的内在因素，选用11个小麦品种，研究其茎秆特征、节间形态学特征、基部二节间力学特征、化学成分和解剖结构，分析小麦茎秆抗倒能力与相关性状间的关系。结果 表明：株高较低、重心高度下降、茎秆基部二节间大维管束数目较多、薄壁组织较厚的小麦品种抗倒伏指数较高。小麦茎秆基部二节间解剖结构结果 发现，荃麦725和华成3366的维管束数目较多、薄壁组织较厚、细胞层数较多、细胞排列较为紧密、抗倒伏指数较高。相关分析表明，小麦抗倒伏指数与株高呈显著负相关，与重心高度呈极显著负相关，与茎秆基部二节间大维管束数目呈显著正相关，与薄壁组织厚度呈显著正相关。本研究条件下，植株较矮，茎秆重心高度较低，基部二节间细胞排列紧密，大维管束数量较多，薄壁组织厚度较厚，机械强度大，有利于小麦茎秆抗倒能力形成。

To clarify the internal factors affecting wheat lodging resistance formation along Huaihe River,the relationship between wheat stem lodging resistance and related traits was discussed based on analyzing, the stem characteristics,internode morphological characteristics,basal two-internode mechanical characteristics, chemical composition, and anatomical structure of the selected 11 wheat varieties. The results showed that the wheat varieties with lower plant height, lower barycenter height, larger vascular bundles between the two internodes at the stem base,and thicker parenchyma had a higher lodging resistance index.Based on the anatomical structure of the stem between the second internode of the wheat base,QM725 and HC3366 had more vascular bundles,thicker parenchyma,more cell layers,more closely arranged cells,and higher lodging resistance index. In correlation analysis,the lodging resistance index of wheat was significantly negatively correlated with plant height, extremely significantly negatively correlated with barycenter height,significantly positively correlated with the number of large vascular bundles in the second internode of stem base,and positively correlated with the thickness of parenchyma. Under the conditions of this study,the plant is shorter,the stem barycenter height is lower,the cells are arranged closely between the two basal internodes,the number of large vascular bundles is more,the thickness of thin wall tissue is thicker,and the mechanical strength is large,which is beneficial to the formation of lodging resistance of wheat stem.