江汉大学学报（自然科学版）

选用隆平206、华皖267、豫单112、齐玉606、庐玉4130 5个玉米品种的顶部穗位与中部穗位籽粒作为材料,研究不同穗位籽粒活力的差异,分析了不同穗位籽粒相关的发芽指标、百粒重和简易活力指数等,以探明玉米不同穗位与种子活力的关系,为选取最优穗位高活力的玉米种子提供依据。结果表明,5个品种在发芽势和发芽率上都是中部大于顶部,同一品种不同粒位间在发芽率上差异不显著。5个品种的苗高和根长都是中部大于顶部,5个品种的两次重复的地上鲜重和地下鲜重也是中部大于顶部。5个品种在简易活力指数I、简易活力指数II和简易活力指数III上都是中部籽粒的简易活力指数大于顶部籽粒的简易活力指数。不同品种间的活力指数不同,同一品种的不同穗位间的活力指数也不同。在2穗位处理间玉米中部籽粒的活力大于上部,籽粒活力和籽粒的百粒重之间存在正相关关系。

In this study,five maize varieties,Longping 206,Huawan 267,Yudan 112,Qiyu 606,and Luyu 4130,were selected as materials for the top ear position and middle ear position grains to study the difference in grain vigor of different ear positions. The germination index,100-kernel weight,and simple vitality index of seed were analyzed to explore the relationship between different ear positions of maize and seed vigor,and a basis for selecting maize seeds with optimal ear positions and high vigor was provided. The results showed that the germination vigor and germination rate of the five varieties were all higher in the middle part than the top part,and there was no significant difference in the germination rate among different positions of the same variety. The seedling height and root length of the five varieties were all greater in the middle part than the top part,and the fresh weight above the ground and the fresh weight in the ground was also greater in the middle part than the top part in the two repetitions of the five varieties. For the five varieties,the simple vitality index of the middle grains on the simple vitality index I,the simple vitality index II,and the simple vitality index III was greater than the simple vitality index of the top grains. The vigor index was different between different varieties,and the vigor index between different ear positions of the same variety was also different. In the two ear position treatments,the vigor of the middle grain of maize was greater than that of the upper part,and there was a positive correlation between the grain vigor and 100-kernel weight of the grain.